Iterambere ry'Amarangamutima y'Umwana: Gusobanukirwa no Kuyobora Isi Ye y'Imbere

Imikurire y'amarangamutima y'umwana ni inzira igoye kandi ihindagurika, ikubiyemo ubushobozi bwo kumenya, gusobanukirwa no gucunga amarangamutima ye, ndetse no gusobanukirwa amarangamutima y'abandi no gusubiza mu buryo bukwiye. Ibi si ishingiro ry'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bwe gusa, ahubwo ni ingenzi no kubaka imibanire myiza, kumenyera imibereho myiza, no guteza imbere impuhwe.

Intambwe zo Gutera imbere mu by'Amarangamutima

Ubwana (umwaka 0-1): Gukura kw'amarangamutima n'urukundo

Mu mezi make ya mbere y'ubuzima, abana b'incuke bagaragaza amarangamutima yabo binyuze mu ibyo umubiri ukeneye (inzara, kumererwa nabi) na ibisubizo byoroshye (kurira, kumwenyura). Bafite ubushobozi karemano bwo kwigana imyitwarire y'abandi. Hafi y'amezi 6-9, abana batangira gukura amarangamutima y'ibanze nk'ibyishimo, agahinda, uburakari, n'ubwoba, kandi ukumva ufite umutekano n'ubufasha mu byiyumvo binyuze mu isano n'imibanire (imibanire ikomeye y'amarangamutima ishingiye ku barera abana). Gusubiza umwana ku gihe umwana arira ni intambwe ikomeye mu kubaka icyizere n'umutekano mu by'amarangamutima.

Ubwana (imyaka 1-3): Igaragaza amarangamutima n'ubushakashatsi

Abana bato bagaragaza amarangamutima atandukanye ariko nanone bakunze uburakari bukabije (nk'uburakari). Batangira kumenya ubwigenge bwabo no kugerageza gushakisha isi ibakikije, akenshi izana no kurakara no kwiheba. Muri icyo gihe, batangira kugaragaza gushishikazwa n'amarangamutima y'abandi mbereUrugero, kwitwara nabi cyangwa kwigana uko undi mwana arira. Ababyeyi bagomba gufasha abana kuvuga amarangamutima yabo aho kuyagaragaza gusa.

Imyaka y'incuke (imyaka 3-6): Kugaragara kw'amarangamutima no kuyagenzura

Ishuri ry'incuke ni igihe gikomeye cy'iterambere ry'amarangamutima y'umwana. Batangira kumenya amarangamutima akomeye kurushaho nko gutungurwa, isoni, ubwibone, no kwicira urubanza. Bagerageza kugaragaza amarangamutima yabo mu magambo no kwiga byoroshye ingamba zo kugenzura amarangamutimanko guhobera idubu mu gihe urakaye cyangwa gushaka ihumure mu gihe ubabaye. gukina urugaga no kuvuga inkuru, batangira no gutera imbere impuhwe, kugerageza gusobanukirwa ibyiyumvo by'abantu bavugwa mu nkuru.

Imyaka yo kwiga (imyaka 6-12): Gusobanukirwa amarangamutima no gusabana n'abandi

Iyo abana binjira mu ishuri, ubushobozi bwabo bwo gusobanukirwa amarangamutima burarushaho kuba bwiza. Bashobora gusobanukirwa neza impamvu z'amarangamutima no kumenya ko abantu batandukanye bashobora kumva ibintu bitandukanye mu bihe bimwe. Kugereranya imibereho na umubano n'urungano bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku byo bahura na byo mu marangamutima. Biga uburyo bwo kugaragaza amarangamutima mu buryo bukwiye mu mibanire y'abantu kandi bagakura mu buryo bugoye ingamba zo kugenzura amarangamutimanko guhangana n'imihangayiko binyuze mu myitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa kuganira n'inshuti. Impuhwe irushaho gutera imbere, bigatuma bumva amarangamutima y'abandi n'uko babona ibintu mu buryo bwimbitse.

Ubugimbi (imyaka 12-18): Ingorane z'amarangamutima n'uko wiyumva

Ibihe by'amarangamutima by'ingimbi n'abangavu birushaho kuba ingorabahizi kandi bikomeye, akenshi bigaherekezwa ihindagurika ry'amarangamutimaBahura n'ibibazo byinshi nko kwigira umuntu ku giti cye, igitutu cy'imibereho, no gutegura ahazaza. Batangira kugira ubumenyi burambuye ku buzima bwabo. ubushobozi bwo gutekereza mu buryo bw'amarangamutima, ibasha gusobanukirwa ibintu bitoroshye n'amarangamutima atandukanye. Imibanire y'abo muhuje igitsina n'imibanire y'urukundo igira ingaruka zikomeye ku iterambere ry'amarangamutima. Ababyeyi bagomba kuba abumva n'abashyigikiye ku marangamutima y'ingimbi n'abangavu, bikabayobora guhangana n'ibibazo mu buryo buzira umuze no kwigira umuntu mwiza.

Ni gute washyigikira iterambere ry'amarangamutima ry'umwana wawe?

• Kubaka ihuriro ryizewe: Tanga urukundo ruhoraho kandi ugaragaze ko ubyitayeho kuva bakiri bato, bigatuma abana bumva bakundwa kandi bafite umutekano.

• Izina Amarangamutima: Fasha abana kuvuga amarangamutima yabo, urugero: "Usa n'urakaye ubu ngubu, ni ukubera ko ...?" Ibi bibafasha gusobanukirwa neza no gucunga amarangamutima yabo.

• Emeza Amarangamutima: Bwira abana ko amarangamutima yabo ari ibisanzwe, nubwo utabyemeranyaho n'imyitwarire yabo. Urugero: "Ndabizi ko wababajwe n'ubu, ariko ntidushobora gutera imigeri ku bikinisho."

• Uburyo bwo gucunga amarangamutima bw'icyitegererezo: Ababyeyi ni bo rugero rwiza rwo gucunga amarangamutima y'umwana. Ereka umwana wawe uburyo uhangana n'amarangamutima yawe mu buryo bwiza, nko guhumeka cyane, gushaka ubufasha, cyangwa gutekereza neza mu mutuzo.

• Igisha ingamba zo guhangana n'ibibazo: Guha abana uburyo bwo guhangana n'amarangamutima mabi, nko kumva umuziki, gushushanya, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, cyangwa kuganira n'umuntu wizeye.

• Koroshya Kwishyira mu mwanya w'abandi: Shishikariza abana kwishyira mu mwanya w'abandi, urugero: "Iyo uba Xiao Ming maze igikinisho cyawe kikajyanwa, wakumva umeze ute?" Bayobore gusobanukirwa amarangamutima y'abantu batandukanye basoma inkuru kandi baganira ku nkuru za filime.

• Tanga ibidukikije bigufasha: Shyiraho ikirere cyo mu rugo giha abana ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza amarangamutima, gukora amakosa, no kuyagiraho ingaruka.

Gukura neza mu buryo bw'amarangamutima y'umwana ni urugendo rugenda buhoro buhoro. Nk'ababyeyi, inshingano zacu ni ugutanga ibidukikije byuzuyemo urukundo, ubwumvikane, n'inkunga, kubafasha kumenya, gucunga no kugaragaza amarangamutima yabo, amaherezo bagakura bakaba abantu b'abanyabwenge mu by'amarangamutima, bakomeye mu mutwe, kandi bafite impuhwe.